Industrial batter and breading machine

ABSTRACT

An apparatus applies a food coating to a food product. The apparatus includes a hopper for storing the food coating and a food coating applicator for applying the food coating from the hopper onto the food product. The apparatus also includes a basin for catching unused food coating and a return conveyor for moving unused food coating from the basin to the breading hopper.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/597941, filed 13 Feb. 2012, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to an apparatus for applying a food coating to a food product. In one aspect, the invention relates to an industrial machine for applying batter and breading to a food product. More particularly, the invention relates to an industrial batter and breading machine that does not require a traditional system of one or more screw/auger feeders for distributing breading material.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Conventional industrial breading machines utilize one or more screw or auger type feeders to move breading material throughout the machine, such as from a hopper to an application section of the machine, or from a recovery reservoir back to the hopper. The traditional auger feeders can suffer from drawbacks in that they can damage the breading material, are prone to clogging, are difficult to clean and maintain, and are dangerous to operators.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to an industrial batter and breading machine that utilizes a system of conveyors to replace conventional auger fed breading delivery systems.

The invention also relates to an apparatus for applying a food coating to a food product. The apparatus includes a hopper for storing the food coating and a food coating applicator for applying the food coating from the hopper onto the food product. The apparatus also includes a basin for catching unused food coating and a return conveyor for moving unused food coating from the basin to the breading hopper.

The invention also relates to an apparatus for applying breading to a food product. The apparatus includes a battering section including a batter applicator and a battering conveyor for moving the product through the batter applicator. The apparatus also includes a breading section including a breading hopper, a breading applicator for applying the breading from the hopper, and a breading conveyor for moving the product through the breading applicator. The apparatus further includes a breading return conveyor that moves unused breading from a breading basin back to the breading hopper.

The invention also relates to an apparatus for applying a food coating to a food product. The apparatus includes a return conveyor for moving the food coating from a basin to a hopper. The return conveyor includes a plurality of grates along its length. The apparatus also includes a return channel through which the return conveyor moves. The return channel includes spaced walls between which the return conveyor extends. The walls are adapted to confine the breading in the grates which permits the return conveyor to move the breading through the channel.

The invention further relates to an apparatus for applying batter and breading to a food product. The apparatus includes a battering section including a batter applicator and a battering conveyor for moving the product through the batter applicator. A breading section includes a breading hopper, a breading applicator for applying the breading from the hopper, and a breading conveyor for moving the product through the batter applicator. A breading return conveyor moves unused breading from a breading basin to the breading hopper.

According to one aspect, the return conveyor runs transverse to a direction of travel. The return conveyor may include a first segment that runs along a bottom of the breading catch basin, a second segment that runs through a breading return channel from the catch basin to the breading hopper, and a third segment that exits the return channel and spans over an opening in the breading hopper.

According to another aspect, the return channel includes spaced channel members along which the return belt travels. The channel members may have a curved and concentric configuration. The breading return conveyor may travel vertically along a surface which allows the grated structure of the belt to collect and carry the breading which would otherwise fall through the grates.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1-3 are perspective views of an apparatus for applying a food coating to a food product, according to the invention.

FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of the apparatus.

FIG. 5 is an end elevation view of the apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a side elevation view of the apparatus.

FIG. 7 is an end elevation view of the apparatus.

FIG. 8 is a magnified view of a portion of the apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a portion of the apparatus.

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to an apparatus for applying a food coating to a food product. More particularly, the invention relates to an apparatus that applies batter and breading to a food product (hereafter “product”). FIGS. 1-7 illustrate an embodiment of an apparatus 10 for applying batter and breading to a product.

Referring to the figures, the apparatus 10 includes a batter section 12 in which batter is applied to the product. A breading section 14 of the apparatus 10 applies breading (e.g., flour, breadcrumbs, etc.) to the product. The apparatus 10 includes conveyor belts for moving the product through the batter section 12 and breading section 14. The conveyor belts may, for example, be conventional metal grate belts. The belts can be operated via electric motors and/or hydraulic drive units.

The details of the battering section 12 are described in reference to FIG. 6. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other figures in this description also show certain aspects of the battering section 12. The batter section 12 includes a battering belt 20 that moves the product in the direction of travel indicated generally by arrow A in FIG. 2. The battering belt 20 thus moves in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 6.

The batter section 12 also includes a batter applicator which, for example, may be in the form of a batter overflow pan 22 into which batter is supplied. The batter overflows from the pan 22 (see FIG. 2) to create a waterfall curtain of batter that flows onto the battering belt 20. The batter curtain spans the width or a substantial portion of the width of the battering belt 20. The batter flows onto the battering belt 20, passes through the openings in the belt grates, and collects in a battering belt/submerger pan 23. The battering belt/submerger pan 23 has holes that allow the batter to drain into a batter reservoir 24 (see, e.g., FIGS. 2-4). A pump recirculates the batter from the reservoir 24 into the batter overflow pan 22, where it flows again in the batter curtain onto the belt 20.

The battering section 12 also includes a wheel submerger 26 that is positioned above the battering belt 20 and the batter reservoir 24. The wheel submerger 26 depresses a section 28 of the battering belt into the batter submerger pan 23. The wheel submerger 26 may submerge the section of the battering belt 20 in the batter in the submerger pan 23.

The breading section 14 is described in reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other figures in this description also show certain aspects of the breading section 14. The breading section 14 includes a breading conveyor belt 30 that moves the product in the direction of travel indicated generally by arrow B in FIG. 6. The breading belt 30 thus moves in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 6.

The breading section 14 also includes a breading hopper 32 that holds a supply of breading material. The breading in the hopper 32 is exposed to a breading hopper conveyor belt 34. The hopper belt 34 moves in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 6, as indicated generally by arrow C, and moves the breading in the hopper breading flow direction toward a breading applicator which, for example, may comprise a slide gate 36. The breading passes through the slide gate 36, forming a breading curtain that drops onto the breading belt 30.

The breading curtain spans the width or a substantial portion of the width of the breading belt 30. The breading drops onto the breading belt 30, which rides on a sheet surface 38 (see FIG. 8), so the breading material collects on the belt and moves with the belt. Additionally, as best shown in FIG. 8, a bottom section 70 of the breading belt 30 rides along a bottom surface 72 of the basin 40 and carries breading with it along an inclined surface. When the breading reaches a transition area 74 at the top of the inclined surface 72, the breading is transferred to an upper portion 76 of the breading belt 30, which rides on the surface 38. This helps maintain a sufficient and even layer of breading on the breading belt 30 so as to ensure that the bottom surface of the product is breaded completely. At a certain point downstream of the breading curtain, the surface 38 ends and the breading passes through the openings in the grates of the breading belt 30 and collects in the breading catch basin 40.

According to the invention, the breading section 14 includes a breading return conveyor belt 42 that moves the breading collected in the catch basin 40 back into the breading hopper 32 so that the breading again be circulated onto the breading belt 30 via the breading curtain. Referring to FIG. 7, the breading return belt 42 runs transverse to the direction of product travel and the direction of travel of the battering belt 20 and breading belt 30. The direction of travel of the breading return belt 42 is counter clockwise as viewed in FIG. 7 and as indicated generally by arrow D.

The breading return belt 42 runs along a generally D-shaped path. The breading return belt 42 has a first segment 50 that runs along a bottom of the breading catch basin 40. A second segment 52 runs through a curved breading return channel 46 defined by spaced, curved, concentric channel members 44 formed, for example, from sheet metal. A third segment 54 exits the return channel 46 and spans over an opening 56 in the hopper 32.

Referring to FIG. 6, in operation, the product is placed on the battering belt 20 and begins to travel in the product direction of travel, from left to right as viewed in FIG. 6. The product passes through the batter curtain flowing from the batter overflow pan 22 (see FIG. 2). The batter coats the top of the product. The product continues and reaches the wheel submerger 26, which forces the product on the belt section 28 below the surface of the batter in the batter submerger pan 23. The batter coats the bottom of the product.

The product continues in the product direction of travel and is transferred onto the breading belt 30. The product passes through the breading curtain beneath the slide gate 36, where the top (and sides) of the product are coated with breading, which sticks due to the batter coating the product. At the same time, breading collected by the grated structure of the belt 30 riding on the surface 38 sticks to the battered bottom surface of the product. Thus, both sides of the product are coated with breading.

The product continues through the breading section 14, where the battered and breaded product is removed at belt turn 60. This may be desirable for food products that are too sensitive for flipping. Alternatively, the belt turn can be moved to the left as viewed in FIG. 6 to the area indicated generally at 60A, so that it flips onto lower belt section 62 and continues for removal at belt turn 64. This flipping of the food product can knock off excess breading, which falls into the basin 40. This feature carries the advantage of potentially eliminating the need for blow-off tubes for removing excess breading.

As the product is battered and breaded by the apparatus 10, the batter is recycled from the reservoir 24 to the overflow pan 22 and the breading is recycled from the basin 40 to the hopper 32. Referring to FIG. 7, the breading return belt 42 travels in the counterclockwise direction of travel. The first segment 50, running along the bottom of the catch basin 40, collects breading in its grated structure. As the breading return belt 42 continues, it enters the return channel 46, where the fit between the second segment 52 and the channel members 44 continues to maintain the breading collected in the grated structure of the breading return belt. The grates, in combination with the channel members 44, create a confinement in which the breading is trapped as it moves through the return channel 46.

The breading passes through the curved path of the return channel 46 and exits, where the third segment 54 carries the breading to the opening 56. When the breading reaches the opening, it is no longer supported by the sheet material (e.g., sheet metal) surface of the basin 40 bottom or return channel 46. The breading drops through the grated structure of the breading return belt 42 into the hopper, where it can then be re-circulated to the breading curtain by the hopper belt 34.

FIG. 9 illustrates a section of a belt 100 that can be representative of any of the battering belt 20, breading conveyor belt 30, breading hopper conveyor belt 34, and breading return belt 42. The belt 100 includes a plurality of links 102 that are pivotally joined at pivot points 104 by portions of spans 106 that extend between corresponding links. The pivotally connected links 102 form chains 110 with the spans 106 spanning between the chains 110. As shown in FIG. 9, the spaces bounded by the links 102 and spans 106 define confines 112 in which the breading material is maintained when the breading conveyor belt 30, breading hopper conveyor belt 34, and breading return belt 42 move the material. For example, it is the confines 112 defined by the links 102 and spans 106 of the breading return belt 42 in which the breading material is confined as it is moved along the return channel 46 from the basin 40 to the hopper 32.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the combination of the breading return belt 42 and the return channel 46 facilitate vertical movement of the breading from the basin 40 to the hopper 32. The breading return belt 42, travelling along the surfaces of the basin 40 and the return channel 46, allows the grated structure of the belt to carry the breading which would otherwise fall through the openings in the grate. The breading return belt 42, in combination with the return channel 46, can thus advantageously move the breading vertically from the catch basin 40 to the hopper 32.

The apparatus 10 is thus advantageous in several aspects. The apparatus 10 saves valuable floor space versus two independent machines (one for battering and one for breading). The apparatus 10 can have a comparatively short length, regardless of belt width. The apparatus 10 eliminates the use of augers to move the breading, and thus will not jam, is safe to operate, easy to clean, does not degrade the breading material. The apparatus 10 can incorporate a flip discharge, which can eliminate blow off tubes. Alternatively, the apparatus 10 can be configured for a straight non-flip discharge. The apparatus 10 allows a single operator to run a single machine that performs a battering and breading function that in the past required two machines. The batter reservoir of the apparatus 10 serves the dual function of overflow and submerge simultaneously. The apparatus 10 can incorporate electric or hydraulic drives. The apparatus 10 is capable of running in a small volume mode requiring as little as 20 pounds of breading on 14-inch main belt width machine.

From the above description of the invention, those skilled in the art will perceive improvements, changes and modifications. For example, while the illustrated embodiment is directed to a combination battering and breading machine, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conveyor breading return conveyor could be applied to a machine that applies breading only. Such improvements, changes and modifications within the skill of the art are intended to be covered by the appended claims. 

We claim:
 1. An apparatus for applying a food coating to a food product, the apparatus comprising: a hopper for storing the food coating; a food coating applicator for applying the food coating from the hopper onto the food product; a basin for catching unused food coating; and a return conveyor for moving unused food coating from the basin to the breading hopper.
 2. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the food coating applicator applies the food coating on top of the food product and the basin catches the unused food coating beneath the food product.
 3. The apparatus recited in claim 2, wherein at least a substantial portion of the hopper is positioned above the food coating applicator.
 4. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the food coating comprises breading.
 5. The apparatus recited in claim 1, further comprising a batter applicator and a battering conveyor for moving the food product through the batter applicator to apply batter to the food product, wherein the food coating applicator applies the food coating onto the food product after the batter is applied to the food product.
 6. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the return conveyor includes a first segment that runs along a bottom surface of the basin, a second segment that runs through a food coating return channel from the basin to the hopper, and a third segment that exits the return channel and spans over an opening in the hopper.
 7. The apparatus recited in claim 6, wherein the return conveyor is positioned between spaced walls that define the return channel.
 8. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the return conveyor includes a plurality of grates along its length, the return conveyor being adapted to collect unused food coating in the basin between the grates and drag the unused food coating along a bottom surface of the basin into the food coating return channel, the food coating return channel comprising spaced walls between which the return conveyor extends, the walls being adapted to help entrap the food coating in the grates which permits the return conveyor to move the food coating vertically from the basin to the hopper.
 9. The apparatus recited in claim 8, wherein the return conveyor exits the food coating return channel above the hopper which permits the food coating to fall from between the grates into the hopper.
 10. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the return conveyor has a grated structure and travels vertically along a surface, which allows the grated structure of the conveyor to collect and carry the food coating which would otherwise fall through the grates.
 11. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the return conveyor runs in a direction transverse to a direction in which the food product moves through the apparatus.
 12. An apparatus for applying breading to a food product, the apparatus comprising: a battering section including a batter applicator and a battering conveyor for moving the product through the batter applicator; a breading section including a breading hopper, a breading applicator for applying the breading from the hopper, and a breading conveyor for moving the product through the breading applicator; and a breading return conveyor that moves unused breading from a breading basin back to the breading hopper.
 13. The apparatus recited in claim 12, wherein the breading return conveyor runs transverse to the battering conveyor.
 14. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the return conveyor includes a first portion that runs along a bottom of the breading catch basin, a second portion that runs through a breading return channel from the catch basin to the breading hopper, and a third portion that exits the return channel and spans over an opening in the breading hopper.
 15. The apparatus recited in claim 14, wherein the return conveyor is positioned between spaced walls that define the return channel.
 16. The apparatus recited in claim 12, wherein the return conveyor includes a plurality of grates along its length, the return conveyor being adapted to collect unused breading in the basin between the grates and drag the unused breading along a bottom surface of the basin into the return channel, the return channel comprising spaced walls between which the return conveyor extends, the walls being adapted to help entrap the breading in the grates which permits the return conveyor to move the breading vertically from the basin to the hopper.
 17. The apparatus recited in claim 16, wherein the return conveyor exits the return channel above the hopper which permits the breading to fall from between the grates into the hopper.
 18. The apparatus recited in claim 12, wherein the return conveyor has a grated structure and travels vertically along a surface, which allows the grated structure of the conveyor to collect and carry the breading which would otherwise fall through the grates.
 19. An apparatus for applying a food coating to a food product, the apparatus comprising: a return conveyor for moving the food coating from a basin to a hopper, the return conveyor comprising a plurality of grates along its length; and a return channel through which the return conveyor moves, the return channel comprising spaced walls between which the return conveyor extends, the walls being adapted to confine the breading in the grates which permits the return conveyor to move the breading through the channel.
 20. The apparatus recited in claim 19, wherein the return conveyor moves vertically through the return channel, the breading confined in the grates moving vertically with the return conveyor through the channel. 